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>Global environmental current affairs

Search results: 723 articles

Global heatwaves have cost nearly $16 trillion over the past 20 years, with poorer countries particularly vulnerable.

The United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP27) will convene on the 6th. Besides carbon reduction, a key focus in recent years has been on compensation and climate finance funds. How much do climate disasters cost? According to a recent study, heatwaves caused by climate change in the two decades between 1992 and 2013 have already cost the world at least $16 trillion in economic losses. Even the poorest countries with the lowest carbon emissions have been affected, highlighting the inequalities inherent in the climate crisis. The study, published in the journal Science Advances on October 28th, was conducted by Dartmouth College geography professor Mankin and doctoral student Christopher Callahan. They calculated the impact of extreme heat waves on health, agricultural losses, productivity, and other areas between 1992 and 2013 to be approximately $16 trillion. According to the study, in wealthy regions like Europe and North America, extreme heatwaves cost per capita GDP 1.5%. By comparison, low-income countries like India and Indonesia experienced an annual per capita GDP loss of 6.7%. Mankin said this reveals the issue of climate justice and inequality. The economic losses caused by heat waves are disproportionately borne by poor countries in the tropics and the Southern Hemisphere, most of which have low carbon emissions. The Guardian pointed out that because these regions are already hot, heat waves will hit them harder; and because they already have poor economic conditions, they are more vulnerable when they encounter climate disasters.

2022-11-03

European electricity prices soar; energy company analysis: Wind and solar investments can be recovered within five years

Electricity prices are rising in Europe. According to Rystad Energy, an energy analysis and consulting firm, if electricity prices reach €350 per megawatt-hour (MWh), the payback period for solar photovoltaic and wind power investments could be reduced from ten years to less than one year. At €180, the payback period would be approximately five to six years. The firm predicts a surge in renewable energy deployment in Europe. Once inflation and war factors subside, electricity prices will fall, extending the payback period. However, Rystad Energy argues that taking advantage of this opportunity to recover upfront investment costs will yield substantial profits even if electricity prices return to historical levels. Rising electricity prices mean renewable energy investments can be recouped in as little as one year. Australian energy media outlet Renew Economy reports that new research from Rystad Energy shows that renewable energy investment is expected to reach $494 billion in 2022, compared to $446 billion for oil and gas. This will be the first time that renewable energy investment exceeds both oil and gas. Generally speaking, solar and wind power have high initial investment costs, requiring government subsidies to generate profitability. However, after Russia's attack on Ukraine, European electricity prices soared, and the price of renewable energy followed suit. Analysts say that high electricity prices will allow renewable energy investments to be recouped in less than a year, potentially ushering in a new wave of construction. According to a report by World News Network at the end of August, Germany's electricity price for 2023 delivery (the European benchmark electricity price) soared to over €1,000 per MWh, and France's electricity price contracts also rose to €1,000.

2022-10-24

By 2050, 70% of Taiwan's daily electricity consumption will be in cars. Electric vehicles will become virtual power plants, riding the wave of V2G technology.

By 2025, Taiwan will have 164,000 registered electric vehicles, with the goal of achieving universal adoption by 2050. With the addition of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology, electric vehicles will not only become energy storage facilities, like mobile power banks, but will even assist in power dispatch, contributing to stable electricity supply. Industry experts estimate that by 2050, Taiwan's electric vehicle fleet will hold 560 million kilowatt-hours of electricity, equivalent to Taiwan's daily electricity needs, with over 70% of that capacity in electric vehicles. On the 19th, Energy Taiwan International Smart Energy Week held the "Green Energy Technology Launches Net Zero Era Competitiveness Forum," exploring how Taiwan can enhance its energy transition competitiveness through two key themes: "New Business Opportunities in Energy Storage Applications" and "New Markets for Green Electricity Trading." Electric vehicles can store a considerable amount of electricity, accounting for 70% of the country's daily electricity consumption in 2050. In 2025, there will be 164,000 electric vehicles registered in Taiwan, and this number is expected to grow to 700,000 and 2.8 million in 2030 and 2040, respectively. It is expected that the goal of full popularization of electric vehicles will be achieved in 2050. In recent years, the promotion of "Vehicle-to-Grid" technology (V2G for short) has enabled the power of electric vehicle batteries to be sent back to the power grid, transforming electric vehicles into energy storage facilities and "mobile power banks." Lin Junying, deputy general manager of the electric vehicle charging station company "eTreego" (eTreego), pointed out that the battery packs currently carried by electric vehicles usually have a capacity of more than 70kWh, etc.

2022-10-21

How is Jinghua Industrial, the first RE100 textile company in Asia Pacific, embracing the green electricity era?

The RE100 international initiative has become a trend in carbon reduction. Including TSMC, 21 Taiwanese companies have joined RE100 to date, committing to using 100% renewable energy, with this goal to be achieved no later than 2050. However, the industry believes that insufficient green electricity supply, high energy storage costs, and the integration of electricity and electricity certificates in Taiwan make achieving RE100 challenging. How will Jinghua Industrial, the first textile company in the Asia-Pacific region to join RE100, embrace the green electricity era? Founded in 1992, Jinghua Industrial boasts a vertical industry chain integrating textile dyeing and finishing with garment manufacturing, focusing on fleece and functional fabrics for outdoor sporting goods. It is the first textile company in the Asia-Pacific region to sign the RE100 initiative and the sixth company in Taiwan to declare its membership. "At first, I thought RE100 was just about building (renewable energy facilities)," Huang Yanxiang said with a wry smile. Jinghua Industries, headquartered in Taiwan, has textile factories both at home and abroad, including weaving factories, dyeing and finishing factories, and garment factories. Its domestic bases alone consume approximately 26 million kWh of electricity annually, with Toufen and Dayuan factories consuming 12 million kWh and 14 million kWh respectively. The total contract capacity of the two factories is approximately 4,000 kW. Electricity users above 5,000 kW are considered large electricity users as recognized by the Ministry of Economic Affairs. In 2020, Jinghua became a member of RE100, promising to achieve 100% use of renewable energy by 2040, and the phased goals are to achieve RE35 and RE65 (green electricity accounts for 35% and 65% respectively) in 2030 and 2035 respectively.

2022-10-13

Saving over 2 million plastic cups: How did shared cups become popular abroad?

Taiwan is a paradise for hand-shaken beverages, but this also means Taiwanese consumers consume 2.2 billion disposable beverage cups annually. If not properly recycled, these cups ultimately become a significant amount of plastic waste, leading to the adoption of shared cups as a viable solution. How is this trend being promoted abroad, making drinking beverages environmentally friendly? Four years have passed since Taiwan announced expanded restrictions on single-use plastics in 2018. With Taipei City set to completely ban disposable beverage cups this December, the long-standing "shared beverage cup" initiative seems to offer a compelling alternative that balances environmental protection and convenience. However, consumer habits, hygiene concerns, and the sheer variety of hand-shaken beverages and cups in Taiwan have all made implementation challenging. So, how are these initiatives being implemented abroad? The UK's Cupclub shared coffee cups, offering a seamless delivery and cleaning experience, have proven to be a huge success. British brand Qureshi launched its Cupclub shared coffee cup program in 2019, designing reusable, shareable coffee cups for coffee shops that are similar in capacity to disposable takeout cups. Consumers only need to buy coffee at the coffee shop as usual, and return it to the designated location after drinking. Cupclub will send people to each point to collect and clean the cups, and then send them back to the coffee shop for continued use. On average, one cup can be reused 132 times. The cup of Cupclub is based on the use of "plastic coating" waterproof paper cups. This thin plastic waterproof layer is difficult to handle due to its complex material.

2022-10-13

Amidst multiple climate risks, global climate talks will be held in the Middle East and North Africa

The next two UN climate talks will be held in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. COP27 will be held in Egypt this November, while COP28 will be held in the United Arab Emirates in 2023. Climate change has only recently become a mainstream issue in the MENA region, where political security, the oil and gas economy, and religious tensions have historically dominated local news. In recent years, MENA countries have experienced unprecedented extreme weather events, including heatwaves and floods, making the current situation difficult to ignore. Climate projections indicate that these events will continue to intensify. Environmental change will increasingly intertwine with political and economic dynamics, impacting the region's people, trading partners, and investors. As Egypt, the new COP presidency, has emphasized the importance of climate adaptation, we need to consider what climate adaptation measures are needed in the MENA region and how international cooperation can help mitigate its multiple risks. A uniquely risky region The Middle East and North Africa region has a complex and diverse geography: from the sometimes snow-capped pine forests of Morocco's Atlas Mountains to the lush vegetation nurtured by the monsoon in Dhofar, southern Oman. But overall, the Middle East and North Africa region is the most water-scarce of any major region in the world. Over the past 50 years, oil revenues and foreign aid have fueled rapid population growth, urban development, and the

2022-09-11

Sustainable Tourism Tips: International Travel Agencies Promote Carbon-Neutral Holidays Driven by Climate Declaration

The tourism industry finally rebounded in 2022. According to the World Tourism Organization, global tourism numbers had recovered to half their pre-pandemic levels by May 2022. However, just as we were looking forward to returning to the days of free international travel, tourist destinations around the world were experiencing extreme weather conditions due to climate change. The Glasgow Tourism Declaration: To address the impact of climate change on the tourism industry and the environmental impacts of reduced tourist numbers, over 300 tourism industry players signed the Glasgow Tourism Climate Action Declaration on the eve of the 2021 Glasgow Climate Conference (COP26). To date, over 500 have signed on. The declaration outlines a blueprint to halve tourism carbon emissions over the next decade and reach net zero by 2050. The declaration also outlines several principles for tourism industry players to adhere to when implementing their respective climate action plans: 1. Inventory and disclose all tourism-related carbon emissions to facilitate carbon reduction targets. 2. Eliminate carbon emissions that may occur during travel, such as transportation, accommodation, beverages, and food. The second principle emphasizes that decarbonization is the main carbon reduction tool, and carbon capture and removal can only be used as auxiliary tools to achieve net zero carbon emissions. Third, restore and protect ecosystems to allow nature's carbon removal capabilities to play a role and ensure the integrity of biodiversity. In addition, because most tourist attractions are in areas that are vulnerable to climate change, it is also necessary to strengthen the adaptation and recovery capabilities of these attractions to achieve a balance between tourists, owners and the ecosystem. Fourth, with

2022-09-11

Gathering Citizens' Power to Sustain Life: The Key and Challenges of Citizen Power Plants in Germany (Part 1)

In Germany and Taiwan, "economy, efficiency, and scale" appear to be the primary drivers of green energy development policy. Large renewable energy companies are significantly limiting the scope for citizen power plants. In addition to continuously fostering citizen participation in the energy transition, the government's provision of more institutional safeguards for citizen power plants, such as more flexible regulations for their establishment and streamlined subsidy application procedures, will be crucial for their continued development. Compared to traditional fossil fuels, renewable energy offers greater opportunities for integration with public interests such as community development, local economies, and citizen participation. The recent growth of energy cooperatives in Taiwan is a prime example. These "energy cooperatives" are more like energy-focused citizen cooperatives, where community residents jointly invest in renewable energy equipment (such as solar panels and small wind turbines) to share profits or use for their own benefit. All participants, regardless of shareholding, have equal decision-making power. Consequently, citizen power cooperatives are considered a form of democratic economic organization. Germany is often cited as a success story in the development of citizen power plants. However, citizen energy in Germany has also faced numerous challenges and bottlenecks. According to data from Trend:Research, as much as 30% to 40% of Germany's renewable energy comes from private solar panels. The German Renewable Energy Agency also pointed out that renewable energy installed by citizens has long been the main driving force of Germany's energy transformation. This large amount of green energy produced by citizens can be attributed in part to Germany's decades of

2022-09-11

Gathering Citizens' Power to Sustain Life: The Key and Challenges of Citizen Power Plants in Germany (Part 2)

In Germany and Taiwan, "economy, efficiency, and scale" appear to be the primary drivers of green energy development policy. Large renewable energy companies are significantly limiting the scope for citizen power plants. In addition to continuously fostering the enthusiasm of individual citizens to participate in the energy transition, the government should provide more institutional safeguards for citizen power plants, such as more flexible regulations for setting up citizen power plants and streamlined subsidy application procedures. These will be crucial for their continued development. Three Keys to the Sustainability of German Citizen Power Plants: For citizen power plants in Germany to survive, they must first adapt to the increasingly market-oriented trend, such as through limited collaboration with green energy companies and finding their own advantages within the complex bidding and tendering system. They must also work harder to attract new members, including women, the middle class, and those from lower socioeconomic groups. Institutional reforms are crucial. Most Germans rent long-term, with up to 40% of renters living in the same home for at least 10 years. However, due to numerous regulatory restrictions, renters often face difficulties in installing their own solar panels. With relaxed regulations and encouraging policies, renters will have greater opportunities to become key participants in citizen power plants. On the other hand, citizen groups such as BBEn, BUND, and SFV also pointed out that an energy sharing system should be established in Germany. This model allows households with green power generation equipment to sell or transfer excess electricity to neighboring households, making the electricity market more flexible and allowing more citizens to participate in green power development even if they do not have the corresponding resources, forming a shared and mutually beneficial energy community.

2022-09-11

WMO warns: The 1.5°C warning line may be breached! Humanity is heading towards the end of the century with a temperature rise of more than 2.5 degrees

With just 50 days left until the COP27 climate conference in Egypt, the United Nations World Meteorological Organization (WMO), in collaboration with several professional organizations, released the latest edition of its joint scientific report, "United in Science," in mid-September. The report states unequivocally that humanity is heading in the wrong direction. Without more ambitious carbon reduction action, the devastating impacts of climate change will become increasingly devastating! The brief "boom" of carbon reductions over the past two years due to the pandemic has now vanished. It's unstoppable! The 1.5°C warning line will be breached within five years. As the pandemic gradually recedes and society resumes normal operations, human carbon emissions appear to be resuming, even exceeding previous levels. In 2020, global anthropogenic carbon emissions fell by 5.4%. However, since last year, as countries have gradually relaxed restrictions and resumed production and trade, they have slowly returned to pre-pandemic levels. Data from the first five months of this year show that global carbon emissions were 1.2% higher than in 2019, with the largest increases in the United States (5.7%) and India (7.5%). Then came the familiar scene: countries were struck by a succession of climate disasters, from the heatwave in Europe and the devastating floods in Pakistan to the severe droughts that continue to plague China, the United States, and Africa. In May 2022, the iconic Mauna Loa station in Hawaii recorded a record-breaking atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration of 420.99 ppm!

2022-09-11

Scientists develop new resin that can be made into wind turbine blades and then recycled into gummy bears

The globally popular, chewy gummy bears are a childhood memory for many adults. Can you imagine? One day, gummy bears could be made from recycled wind turbine blades. American scientists are developing a new composite resin that can be recycled into gummy bears after wind turbine blades reach their end of life. To achieve carbon neutrality, many countries are vigorously promoting renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics. However, wind blade recycling is a challenge. Current wind turbine blades are mostly made of fiberglass. Older models can be as long as half a football field, while newer 15MW turbine blades are longer than a 100-meter runway. Blade recycling is difficult, so retired wind turbine blades are often crushed and landfilled. To make wind power more environmentally friendly, researchers at Michigan State University have created a new composite resin using fiberglass, plant-derived polymers, and synthetic polymers to make wind turbine blades. These special blades can be recycled, broken down, and remade into wind blades, as well as other products—such as chewy gummy bears. The research team presented their findings at the American Chemical Society meeting on the 23rd. The Guardian reported, "We recycle food-grade potassium lactate and use it to make gummy bears, which I also eat myself." Report author John Dorgan said. Dorgan explained that the carbon atoms from corn or grass are no different from the carbon atoms from fossil fuels. They are all part of the global carbon cycle. We have proved that biomass in the field can be made into plastics and then recycled into food.

2022-08-29

Salad Rescue: Otaku Uses Rocketry and Thermodynamics to Create the Incredible "Food Diaper"

Every day, more than a third of the world's food goes uneaten into the trash. Food waste accounts for 8% of global carbon emissions, three times that of the aviation industry. If food waste were a country, it would be the third-largest carbon emitter. To save the dying salad in his lunchbox, Bill Birgen, a California aerospace engineer, in his spare time from inventing jets and rockets, invented a "food diaper," accidentally saving millions of tons of food waste and the energy, water, and resources needed to produce it. He admits that his biggest fear is opening his lunchbox and seeing rotten spinach. "Spinach leaves are very delicate. They get damaged when they get wet. Not only do they get soggy, but they also become limp, even slimy, and completely inedible," Birgen told The Spoon, an American food technology media outlet. The "food diaper" that saved the dying lunch salad "He looked at his lunch and said, 'My lunch is terrible - I have to do something,' and he sat down and made some prototypes," recalled Grant Stafford, co-CEO of SAVRpak and Bergen's entrepreneurial partner. This "diaper" in the true sense looks like the desiccant commonly found in cookies, but without any chemicals. It is made of paper pulp on the outside and ice inside, with food-grade adhesive. When in use, tear off the adhesive backing and stick it in a lunch box, takeout box or food packaging. It feels cool to the touch. The secret is "thermodynamics." The salad will look dying, the fries will become soft, and the rice will become mushy. The number one culprit is water vapor. After cooking

2022-08-24

The Netherlands is implementing a new approach to reducing marine plastic pollution: bubble barriers at river mouths

Katwijk is a small coastal town in the Netherlands, where the Oude Rijn (Old Rhine) flows into the North Sea. Five years ago, Claar-els van Delft noticed plastic litter on the beach and began collecting it. "There's all sorts of plastic litter near the river mouth—everything from tampon tubes and brush bristles to potato chip bags and beverage packaging," said van Delft, co-founder of the local organization Coast Busters. He believes the litter isn't discarded by tourists or drifting into the sea, but rather comes from the nearby estuary. In 2018, the local community launched a campaign to prevent marine plastics, gaining support from neighboring governments and residents, as well as commercial sponsorship. In July 2022, Katwijk successfully completed its first community-led bubble barrier, using bubbles and water flow to intercept trash in the river. It was also the first bubble barrier to be installed within one kilometer of a river's entrance to the sea, effectively serving as a last line of defense against waste reaching the sea. Bubble Push - River garbage is concentrated without affecting shipping. Bubble wall is not a new technology. In the past, it was used to reduce the spread of oil pollution from oil spills at sea, and the offshore wind power industry also used it to reduce engineering noise. This time, bubble wall is used to collect marine garbage. "A pipe with holes is set at the bottom of the river, and compressed air is sent into the pipe, which will produce bubbles. As the bubbles rise, they push the plastic fragments to the surface, and coupled with the water flow,

2022-08-18

Subscribing to "Carbon Credits" to Support Public Welfare: Social Welfare Organization Replaces Old Lighting, Becoming Taiwan's First Public Welfare Carbon Credit Project

Carbon reduction for public welfare has become a concrete practice. Taiwan's first public welfare carbon credit project, through donations to help the Taoyuan Spinal Cord Injury Potential Development Center replace high-energy-consuming lamps, obtained 180 tons of carbon credits, and then provided B-type enterprise Green Vine Vitality with subscriptions at NT$2,000 per ton. The carbon reduction income returned to public welfare, and social welfare groups can save NT$1.3 million in electricity bills each year. Assisting social welfare organizations to replace old lamps. Taiwan's first public welfare carbon credit was born. Taiwan's first public welfare carbon credit was jointly initiated by Sunshine Volts and Citibank (Taiwan). By helping the Taoyuan Spinal Cord Potential Development Center replace old lamps, it obtained a "carbon credit" with reduced emissions. Executive Yuan Energy and Carbon Reduction Office Deputy Executive Director Lin Zilun, National Development Council Vice Chairman Shi Kehe, and Environmental Protection Administration Executive Deputy Director Shen Zhixiu also attended the press conference yesterday (9) to witness Taiwan's first public welfare carbon credit. Regarding the public welfare carbon rights model, Chen Huiping, founder of Sunvolt and chairman of the Taiwan Green Energy Public Welfare Development Association, explained that companies help social welfare groups replace energy-consuming equipment or install renewable energy through donations, and then undergo carbon inventory and have the Environmental Protection Administration assess the carbon rights exchange quota, and confirm the specific carbon reduction benefits in units of ten years. For example, this project has accumulated 180 tons in ten years, which is equivalent to the carbon reduction of 1,500 trees per year. This "public welfare carbon right" was then sold by the Taiwan Green Energy Public Welfare Association to Green Vine Life Science at NT$2,000 per ton. It not only helps Green Vine Life Science achieve its carbon reduction goals, but also saves NT$1.3 million in electricity bills for the Taoyuan Spinal Potential Development Center. Practicing "Fair Transition" National Development Council

2022-08-10

What are forest carbon sinks? How to convert carbon sinks into "carbon credits" and the application process are all explained.

In recent years, the issue of forest carbon sequestration has received much attention. In the National Development Council's 2050 net-zero pathway plan, carbon emissions that are difficult to reduce through various means will be offset by carbon sequestration, with "forest carbon sequestration" being one of the options. The importance of carbon sequestration has also highlighted opportunities for forest conservation. But what exactly is carbon sequestration? At the end of last month, the Earth Citizen Foundation held a lecture titled "How Much Forest Carbon Sequestration Can Planting Trees Increase in Taiwan?" Professor Chang Shih-chieh of the College of Environment at National Dong Hwa University used a household income and expenditure analogy: "Carbon sequestration is how much net money a family can earn in a year." Can forest carbon sequestration remain constant indefinitely? How does carbon sequestration translate into carbon credits and operate in the carbon credit exchange market? How can the problem of "cutting down large trees and planting small ones" be avoided? Scholars gathered to clarify the future development of forest carbon credits in Taiwan. No Guarantee of Stable Growth! Research: Amazon Rainforest's Carbon Sequestration Capacity May Reach Zero by 2035. Once the carbon sequestration of a certain forest is calculated, does it mean that its carbon sequestration capacity will never change? Zhang Shijie also cautioned that the carbon sequestration capacity of mature forests weakens, and that "our forests ultimately only have a limited carbon sequestration capacity." Using the Amazon rainforest as an example, Zhang cited studies measuring plant carbon stock in 1985, 2000, and 2015. While the overall carbon stock showed an upward trend, comparing the annual increase in plant carbon stock over two 15-year periods revealed a decline in the rate of increase. In other words, the Amazon rainforest's carbon sequestration capacity is decreasing year by year. The study further speculated that by 2035, the Amazon rainforest's carbon sequestration capacity might reach its limit.

2022-08-05

Healthy eating changes: Study: Pesticide residues in fresh fruit and vegetables in the EU increased 53% in nine years

The Guardian reported that a study of nearly 100,000 samples of the most common domestically grown fruits in Europe found a sharp increase in fresh fruit containing highly toxic pesticide residues between 2011 and 2019. Overall, toxic pesticide contamination increased by 53% over nine years. The most pesticide-contaminated fruits and vegetables in Europe are blackberries and celery. The European Pesticide Action Network (PAN) analyzed European government data and found that as many as one-third of apple samples and one-half of blackberry samples contained highly toxic pesticide residues, some of which have been linked to cancer, heart disease, and congenital malformations. Residue levels in kiwifruit increased from 4% in 2011 to 32% in 2019. Over the same period, the contamination rate in cherries more than doubled, from 22% to 50%. Among the samples, the fruits most contaminated with pesticides were blackberries (51%), peaches (45%), strawberries (38%), cherries (35%), and apricots (35%); the vegetables were celery (50%), celery root (45%), and kale (31%).

2022-05-30

When an aging power grid meets extreme weather, blackouts double in the US, clouding the path to green energy.

After decades of hard work, the United States is experiencing a boom in clean energy, with soaring electric vehicle sales and rapid growth in wind and solar power generation, offering hope for climate change mitigation. However, experts say the country's outdated power infrastructure will hinder green energy development without a major overhaul, a massive undertaking costing more than $2 trillion (approximately NT$59 trillion). The current network of transmission lines, substations, and transformers is experiencing numerous problems due to aging and underinvestment, and with the increasing frequency of extreme weather events, large-scale failures are becoming more common. U.S. power grid operators underestimated climate risks, leading to a doubling of power outages over the past six years. Reuters found that seven regional power grid operators in the United States underestimated the growing threat of severe weather as they underestimated climate change. The risk models they used to guide their transmission and distribution network investments were based on weather patterns from the 1970s and failed to factor in recent scientific research examining how extreme weather can disrupt power generation, transmission, distribution, and fuel supplies. Recent extreme weather events have exposed the vulnerabilities of the U.S. power infrastructure. New Orleans's power grid was built in the 1970s, when hurricanes like Hurricane Ida, with winds reaching 241 kilometers per hour, were uncommon. Most of the grid was designed only to withstand peak winds of 152 kilometers per hour. Hurricane Ida caused power outages for weeks. According to the North American Electric Reliability Corporation, the grid regulator,

2022-05-26

Study: 9 million people die each year from environmental pollution, with air pollution being the biggest cause

The Washington Post reported that new research published in Lancet Planetary Health on the 17th shows that pollution remains the world's leading cause of disease and premature death. From 2015 to 2019, air pollution, water pollution, or toxic chemical pollution caused 9 million deaths annually, with over 90% occurring in low- and middle-income countries. This exceeds the annual death toll from war, terrorism, road injuries, malaria, drugs, and alcohol. Air pollution causes the most premature deaths, while indoor pollution sources have decreased. The study, which analyzed data on the global burden of disease, injuries, and risk factors in 2019, found that air pollution was the largest cause of premature death, causing 6.7 million deaths. Water pollution caused 1.4 million deaths, while lead poisoning caused nearly 1 million. Lead author Richard Fuller and his team have been conducting similar analyses since 2015 and are now analyzing them through 2019. While the total number of pollution-related deaths has remained unchanged over the past five years, the sources of pollution have shifted in some regions. In the past, most of the deadly pollution came from indoor and household air pollution, including fine smoke released by indoor stoves burning wood or dung. Unclean water and untreated sewage also killed more than 1 million people. Fuller said this source of pollution has decreased in recent years because many families in China and India have switched to cooking with gas. The rise of modern pollution sources: fossil fuels,

2022-05-24

Denmark invests 37 million euros in food climate label to encourage low-carbon diets

With the rise of environmental awareness in recent years, consumers are increasingly interested in environmentally friendly products and low-carbon footprint labels when shopping, even influencing their purchasing decisions. According to a 2021 study published in Nature Food, 34% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions in 2015 came from the food system. The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) also stated in its 2019 Special Report on Climate Change and Land that approximately 21% to 37% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions come from the food system. These data suggest that the food we rely on for survival accounts for a quarter of the planet's greenhouse gas emissions! The world's first: The Danish government develops a "food climate label." On April 16, 2022, Danish Minister of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Rasmus Prehn stated that in response to climate change, the Danish government will invest 9 million Danish kroner (approximately NT$37.31 million) to develop a "food climate labeling system," becoming the world's first country where the government uniformly manages food climate labels. At the same time, a special task force will be established, and further promotion is expected before the end of this year. The Danish government believes that environmental standards must be formulated and managed uniformly by the state to avoid the emergence of various environmental labels with different standards on the market that confuse consumers and cause confusion. According to the Danish Consumer Council, 75% of Danes do not understand the climate footprint of products, but according to statistics from the Danish Food Culture Organization, about 60% of Danes hope to be able to buy

2022-05-18

New York's Javits Convention Center overcomes its reputation as a leading bird killer by improving window shades and building a green roof.

The Independent reports that the Javits Center in Manhattan, New York, once had a reputation as "New York City's leading bird killer" due to its dark, mirrored glass exterior. However, after a transformation, it has become a haven for local wildlife, boasting the second-largest energy-efficient green roof in the United States and a soon-to-open urban farm. A $40 billion renovation has transformed it into Manhattan's largest rooftop solar farm. Alan Steel, president and CEO of the Javits Center, said in an interview, "We started this irreversible transformation with the green roof. Every time we implement environmental and sustainable measures, our clients ask us to do more, so I think this is a truly beneficial development." Named after the late New York Senator Jacob Javits, the convention center is located on Manhattan's West Side Highway, overlooking the Hudson River. Annually, 2.5 million people visit for events such as Comic Con, auto shows, and travel expos. Last year, the center hosted the Sustainability Summit during New York Climate Week. Over the past decade, the Javits Center has undergone a $1.5 billion (approximately NT$44.4 billion) renovation, expanding by 18,580 square meters and adding sustainable facilities. As New York strives to achieve its goal of net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, improving the eco-efficiency of the Javits Center is one of the city's top priorities. The Javits Center will be equipped with more than 3,000 solar panels, making it the largest rooftop solar power station in Manhattan.

2022-05-09
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>Global environmental current affairs

Global heatwaves have cost nearly $16 trillion over the past 20 years, with poorer countries particularly vulnerable.

2022-11-03

The United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP27) will convene on the 6th. Besides carbon reduction, a key focus in recent years has been on compensation and climate finance funds. How much do climate disasters cost? According to a recent study, heatwaves caused by climate change in the two decades between 1992 and 2013 have already cost the world at least $16 trillion in economic losses. Even the poorest countries with the lowest carbon emissions have been affected, highlighting the inequalities inherent in the climate crisis. The study, published in the journal Science Advances on October 28th, was conducted by Dartmouth College geography professor Mankin and doctoral student Christopher Callahan. They calculated the impact of extreme heat waves on health, agricultural losses, productivity, and other areas between 1992 and 2013 to be approximately $16 trillion. According to the study, in wealthy regions like Europe and North America, extreme heatwaves cost per capita GDP 1.5%. By comparison, low-income countries like India and Indonesia experienced an annual per capita GDP loss of 6.7%. Mankin said this reveals the issue of climate justice and inequality. The economic losses caused by heat waves are disproportionately borne by poor countries in the tropics and the Southern Hemisphere, most of which have low carbon emissions. The Guardian pointed out that because these regions are already hot, heat waves will hit them harder; and because they already have poor economic conditions, they are more vulnerable when they encounter climate disasters.

European electricity prices soar; energy company analysis: Wind and solar investments can be recovered within five years

2022-10-24

Electricity prices are rising in Europe. According to Rystad Energy, an energy analysis and consulting firm, if electricity prices reach €350 per megawatt-hour (MWh), the payback period for solar photovoltaic and wind power investments could be reduced from ten years to less than one year. At €180, the payback period would be approximately five to six years. The firm predicts a surge in renewable energy deployment in Europe. Once inflation and war factors subside, electricity prices will fall, extending the payback period. However, Rystad Energy argues that taking advantage of this opportunity to recover upfront investment costs will yield substantial profits even if electricity prices return to historical levels. Rising electricity prices mean renewable energy investments can be recouped in as little as one year. Australian energy media outlet Renew Economy reports that new research from Rystad Energy shows that renewable energy investment is expected to reach $494 billion in 2022, compared to $446 billion for oil and gas. This will be the first time that renewable energy investment exceeds both oil and gas. Generally speaking, solar and wind power have high initial investment costs, requiring government subsidies to generate profitability. However, after Russia's attack on Ukraine, European electricity prices soared, and the price of renewable energy followed suit. Analysts say that high electricity prices will allow renewable energy investments to be recouped in less than a year, potentially ushering in a new wave of construction. According to a report by World News Network at the end of August, Germany's electricity price for 2023 delivery (the European benchmark electricity price) soared to over €1,000 per MWh, and France's electricity price contracts also rose to €1,000.

By 2050, 70% of Taiwan's daily electricity consumption will be in cars. Electric vehicles will become virtual power plants, riding the wave of V2G technology.

2022-10-21

By 2025, Taiwan will have 164,000 registered electric vehicles, with the goal of achieving universal adoption by 2050. With the addition of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology, electric vehicles will not only become energy storage facilities, like mobile power banks, but will even assist in power dispatch, contributing to stable electricity supply. Industry experts estimate that by 2050, Taiwan's electric vehicle fleet will hold 560 million kilowatt-hours of electricity, equivalent to Taiwan's daily electricity needs, with over 70% of that capacity in electric vehicles. On the 19th, Energy Taiwan International Smart Energy Week held the "Green Energy Technology Launches Net Zero Era Competitiveness Forum," exploring how Taiwan can enhance its energy transition competitiveness through two key themes: "New Business Opportunities in Energy Storage Applications" and "New Markets for Green Electricity Trading." Electric vehicles can store a considerable amount of electricity, accounting for 70% of the country's daily electricity consumption in 2050. In 2025, there will be 164,000 electric vehicles registered in Taiwan, and this number is expected to grow to 700,000 and 2.8 million in 2030 and 2040, respectively. It is expected that the goal of full popularization of electric vehicles will be achieved in 2050. In recent years, the promotion of "Vehicle-to-Grid" technology (V2G for short) has enabled the power of electric vehicle batteries to be sent back to the power grid, transforming electric vehicles into energy storage facilities and "mobile power banks." Lin Junying, deputy general manager of the electric vehicle charging station company "eTreego" (eTreego), pointed out that the battery packs currently carried by electric vehicles usually have a capacity of more than 70kWh, etc.

How is Jinghua Industrial, the first RE100 textile company in Asia Pacific, embracing the green electricity era?

2022-10-13

The RE100 international initiative has become a trend in carbon reduction. Including TSMC, 21 Taiwanese companies have joined RE100 to date, committing to using 100% renewable energy, with this goal to be achieved no later than 2050. However, the industry believes that insufficient green electricity supply, high energy storage costs, and the integration of electricity and electricity certificates in Taiwan make achieving RE100 challenging. How will Jinghua Industrial, the first textile company in the Asia-Pacific region to join RE100, embrace the green electricity era? Founded in 1992, Jinghua Industrial boasts a vertical industry chain integrating textile dyeing and finishing with garment manufacturing, focusing on fleece and functional fabrics for outdoor sporting goods. It is the first textile company in the Asia-Pacific region to sign the RE100 initiative and the sixth company in Taiwan to declare its membership. "At first, I thought RE100 was just about building (renewable energy facilities)," Huang Yanxiang said with a wry smile. Jinghua Industries, headquartered in Taiwan, has textile factories both at home and abroad, including weaving factories, dyeing and finishing factories, and garment factories. Its domestic bases alone consume approximately 26 million kWh of electricity annually, with Toufen and Dayuan factories consuming 12 million kWh and 14 million kWh respectively. The total contract capacity of the two factories is approximately 4,000 kW. Electricity users above 5,000 kW are considered large electricity users as recognized by the Ministry of Economic Affairs. In 2020, Jinghua became a member of RE100, promising to achieve 100% use of renewable energy by 2040, and the phased goals are to achieve RE35 and RE65 (green electricity accounts for 35% and 65% respectively) in 2030 and 2035 respectively.

Saving over 2 million plastic cups: How did shared cups become popular abroad?

2022-10-13

Taiwan is a paradise for hand-shaken beverages, but this also means Taiwanese consumers consume 2.2 billion disposable beverage cups annually. If not properly recycled, these cups ultimately become a significant amount of plastic waste, leading to the adoption of shared cups as a viable solution. How is this trend being promoted abroad, making drinking beverages environmentally friendly? Four years have passed since Taiwan announced expanded restrictions on single-use plastics in 2018. With Taipei City set to completely ban disposable beverage cups this December, the long-standing "shared beverage cup" initiative seems to offer a compelling alternative that balances environmental protection and convenience. However, consumer habits, hygiene concerns, and the sheer variety of hand-shaken beverages and cups in Taiwan have all made implementation challenging. So, how are these initiatives being implemented abroad? The UK's Cupclub shared coffee cups, offering a seamless delivery and cleaning experience, have proven to be a huge success. British brand Qureshi launched its Cupclub shared coffee cup program in 2019, designing reusable, shareable coffee cups for coffee shops that are similar in capacity to disposable takeout cups. Consumers only need to buy coffee at the coffee shop as usual, and return it to the designated location after drinking. Cupclub will send people to each point to collect and clean the cups, and then send them back to the coffee shop for continued use. On average, one cup can be reused 132 times. The cup of Cupclub is based on the use of "plastic coating" waterproof paper cups. This thin plastic waterproof layer is difficult to handle due to its complex material.

Amidst multiple climate risks, global climate talks will be held in the Middle East and North Africa

2022-09-11

The next two UN climate talks will be held in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. COP27 will be held in Egypt this November, while COP28 will be held in the United Arab Emirates in 2023. Climate change has only recently become a mainstream issue in the MENA region, where political security, the oil and gas economy, and religious tensions have historically dominated local news. In recent years, MENA countries have experienced unprecedented extreme weather events, including heatwaves and floods, making the current situation difficult to ignore. Climate projections indicate that these events will continue to intensify. Environmental change will increasingly intertwine with political and economic dynamics, impacting the region's people, trading partners, and investors. As Egypt, the new COP presidency, has emphasized the importance of climate adaptation, we need to consider what climate adaptation measures are needed in the MENA region and how international cooperation can help mitigate its multiple risks. A uniquely risky region The Middle East and North Africa region has a complex and diverse geography: from the sometimes snow-capped pine forests of Morocco's Atlas Mountains to the lush vegetation nurtured by the monsoon in Dhofar, southern Oman. But overall, the Middle East and North Africa region is the most water-scarce of any major region in the world. Over the past 50 years, oil revenues and foreign aid have fueled rapid population growth, urban development, and the

Sustainable Tourism Tips: International Travel Agencies Promote Carbon-Neutral Holidays Driven by Climate Declaration

2022-09-11

The tourism industry finally rebounded in 2022. According to the World Tourism Organization, global tourism numbers had recovered to half their pre-pandemic levels by May 2022. However, just as we were looking forward to returning to the days of free international travel, tourist destinations around the world were experiencing extreme weather conditions due to climate change. The Glasgow Tourism Declaration: To address the impact of climate change on the tourism industry and the environmental impacts of reduced tourist numbers, over 300 tourism industry players signed the Glasgow Tourism Climate Action Declaration on the eve of the 2021 Glasgow Climate Conference (COP26). To date, over 500 have signed on. The declaration outlines a blueprint to halve tourism carbon emissions over the next decade and reach net zero by 2050. The declaration also outlines several principles for tourism industry players to adhere to when implementing their respective climate action plans: 1. Inventory and disclose all tourism-related carbon emissions to facilitate carbon reduction targets. 2. Eliminate carbon emissions that may occur during travel, such as transportation, accommodation, beverages, and food. The second principle emphasizes that decarbonization is the main carbon reduction tool, and carbon capture and removal can only be used as auxiliary tools to achieve net zero carbon emissions. Third, restore and protect ecosystems to allow nature's carbon removal capabilities to play a role and ensure the integrity of biodiversity. In addition, because most tourist attractions are in areas that are vulnerable to climate change, it is also necessary to strengthen the adaptation and recovery capabilities of these attractions to achieve a balance between tourists, owners and the ecosystem. Fourth, with

Gathering Citizens' Power to Sustain Life: The Key and Challenges of Citizen Power Plants in Germany (Part 1)

2022-09-11

In Germany and Taiwan, "economy, efficiency, and scale" appear to be the primary drivers of green energy development policy. Large renewable energy companies are significantly limiting the scope for citizen power plants. In addition to continuously fostering citizen participation in the energy transition, the government's provision of more institutional safeguards for citizen power plants, such as more flexible regulations for their establishment and streamlined subsidy application procedures, will be crucial for their continued development. Compared to traditional fossil fuels, renewable energy offers greater opportunities for integration with public interests such as community development, local economies, and citizen participation. The recent growth of energy cooperatives in Taiwan is a prime example. These "energy cooperatives" are more like energy-focused citizen cooperatives, where community residents jointly invest in renewable energy equipment (such as solar panels and small wind turbines) to share profits or use for their own benefit. All participants, regardless of shareholding, have equal decision-making power. Consequently, citizen power cooperatives are considered a form of democratic economic organization. Germany is often cited as a success story in the development of citizen power plants. However, citizen energy in Germany has also faced numerous challenges and bottlenecks. According to data from Trend:Research, as much as 30% to 40% of Germany's renewable energy comes from private solar panels. The German Renewable Energy Agency also pointed out that renewable energy installed by citizens has long been the main driving force of Germany's energy transformation. This large amount of green energy produced by citizens can be attributed in part to Germany's decades of

Gathering Citizens' Power to Sustain Life: The Key and Challenges of Citizen Power Plants in Germany (Part 2)

2022-09-11

In Germany and Taiwan, "economy, efficiency, and scale" appear to be the primary drivers of green energy development policy. Large renewable energy companies are significantly limiting the scope for citizen power plants. In addition to continuously fostering the enthusiasm of individual citizens to participate in the energy transition, the government should provide more institutional safeguards for citizen power plants, such as more flexible regulations for setting up citizen power plants and streamlined subsidy application procedures. These will be crucial for their continued development. Three Keys to the Sustainability of German Citizen Power Plants: For citizen power plants in Germany to survive, they must first adapt to the increasingly market-oriented trend, such as through limited collaboration with green energy companies and finding their own advantages within the complex bidding and tendering system. They must also work harder to attract new members, including women, the middle class, and those from lower socioeconomic groups. Institutional reforms are crucial. Most Germans rent long-term, with up to 40% of renters living in the same home for at least 10 years. However, due to numerous regulatory restrictions, renters often face difficulties in installing their own solar panels. With relaxed regulations and encouraging policies, renters will have greater opportunities to become key participants in citizen power plants. On the other hand, citizen groups such as BBEn, BUND, and SFV also pointed out that an energy sharing system should be established in Germany. This model allows households with green power generation equipment to sell or transfer excess electricity to neighboring households, making the electricity market more flexible and allowing more citizens to participate in green power development even if they do not have the corresponding resources, forming a shared and mutually beneficial energy community.

WMO warns: The 1.5°C warning line may be breached! Humanity is heading towards the end of the century with a temperature rise of more than 2.5 degrees

2022-09-11

With just 50 days left until the COP27 climate conference in Egypt, the United Nations World Meteorological Organization (WMO), in collaboration with several professional organizations, released the latest edition of its joint scientific report, "United in Science," in mid-September. The report states unequivocally that humanity is heading in the wrong direction. Without more ambitious carbon reduction action, the devastating impacts of climate change will become increasingly devastating! The brief "boom" of carbon reductions over the past two years due to the pandemic has now vanished. It's unstoppable! The 1.5°C warning line will be breached within five years. As the pandemic gradually recedes and society resumes normal operations, human carbon emissions appear to be resuming, even exceeding previous levels. In 2020, global anthropogenic carbon emissions fell by 5.4%. However, since last year, as countries have gradually relaxed restrictions and resumed production and trade, they have slowly returned to pre-pandemic levels. Data from the first five months of this year show that global carbon emissions were 1.2% higher than in 2019, with the largest increases in the United States (5.7%) and India (7.5%). Then came the familiar scene: countries were struck by a succession of climate disasters, from the heatwave in Europe and the devastating floods in Pakistan to the severe droughts that continue to plague China, the United States, and Africa. In May 2022, the iconic Mauna Loa station in Hawaii recorded a record-breaking atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration of 420.99 ppm!

Scientists develop new resin that can be made into wind turbine blades and then recycled into gummy bears

2022-08-29

The globally popular, chewy gummy bears are a childhood memory for many adults. Can you imagine? One day, gummy bears could be made from recycled wind turbine blades. American scientists are developing a new composite resin that can be recycled into gummy bears after wind turbine blades reach their end of life. To achieve carbon neutrality, many countries are vigorously promoting renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics. However, wind blade recycling is a challenge. Current wind turbine blades are mostly made of fiberglass. Older models can be as long as half a football field, while newer 15MW turbine blades are longer than a 100-meter runway. Blade recycling is difficult, so retired wind turbine blades are often crushed and landfilled. To make wind power more environmentally friendly, researchers at Michigan State University have created a new composite resin using fiberglass, plant-derived polymers, and synthetic polymers to make wind turbine blades. These special blades can be recycled, broken down, and remade into wind blades, as well as other products—such as chewy gummy bears. The research team presented their findings at the American Chemical Society meeting on the 23rd. The Guardian reported, "We recycle food-grade potassium lactate and use it to make gummy bears, which I also eat myself." Report author John Dorgan said. Dorgan explained that the carbon atoms from corn or grass are no different from the carbon atoms from fossil fuels. They are all part of the global carbon cycle. We have proved that biomass in the field can be made into plastics and then recycled into food.

Salad Rescue: Otaku Uses Rocketry and Thermodynamics to Create the Incredible "Food Diaper"

2022-08-24

Every day, more than a third of the world's food goes uneaten into the trash. Food waste accounts for 8% of global carbon emissions, three times that of the aviation industry. If food waste were a country, it would be the third-largest carbon emitter. To save the dying salad in his lunchbox, Bill Birgen, a California aerospace engineer, in his spare time from inventing jets and rockets, invented a "food diaper," accidentally saving millions of tons of food waste and the energy, water, and resources needed to produce it. He admits that his biggest fear is opening his lunchbox and seeing rotten spinach. "Spinach leaves are very delicate. They get damaged when they get wet. Not only do they get soggy, but they also become limp, even slimy, and completely inedible," Birgen told The Spoon, an American food technology media outlet. The "food diaper" that saved the dying lunch salad "He looked at his lunch and said, 'My lunch is terrible - I have to do something,' and he sat down and made some prototypes," recalled Grant Stafford, co-CEO of SAVRpak and Bergen's entrepreneurial partner. This "diaper" in the true sense looks like the desiccant commonly found in cookies, but without any chemicals. It is made of paper pulp on the outside and ice inside, with food-grade adhesive. When in use, tear off the adhesive backing and stick it in a lunch box, takeout box or food packaging. It feels cool to the touch. The secret is "thermodynamics." The salad will look dying, the fries will become soft, and the rice will become mushy. The number one culprit is water vapor. After cooking

The Netherlands is implementing a new approach to reducing marine plastic pollution: bubble barriers at river mouths

2022-08-18

Katwijk is a small coastal town in the Netherlands, where the Oude Rijn (Old Rhine) flows into the North Sea. Five years ago, Claar-els van Delft noticed plastic litter on the beach and began collecting it. "There's all sorts of plastic litter near the river mouth—everything from tampon tubes and brush bristles to potato chip bags and beverage packaging," said van Delft, co-founder of the local organization Coast Busters. He believes the litter isn't discarded by tourists or drifting into the sea, but rather comes from the nearby estuary. In 2018, the local community launched a campaign to prevent marine plastics, gaining support from neighboring governments and residents, as well as commercial sponsorship. In July 2022, Katwijk successfully completed its first community-led bubble barrier, using bubbles and water flow to intercept trash in the river. It was also the first bubble barrier to be installed within one kilometer of a river's entrance to the sea, effectively serving as a last line of defense against waste reaching the sea. Bubble Push - River garbage is concentrated without affecting shipping. Bubble wall is not a new technology. In the past, it was used to reduce the spread of oil pollution from oil spills at sea, and the offshore wind power industry also used it to reduce engineering noise. This time, bubble wall is used to collect marine garbage. "A pipe with holes is set at the bottom of the river, and compressed air is sent into the pipe, which will produce bubbles. As the bubbles rise, they push the plastic fragments to the surface, and coupled with the water flow,

Subscribing to "Carbon Credits" to Support Public Welfare: Social Welfare Organization Replaces Old Lighting, Becoming Taiwan's First Public Welfare Carbon Credit Project

2022-08-10

Carbon reduction for public welfare has become a concrete practice. Taiwan's first public welfare carbon credit project, through donations to help the Taoyuan Spinal Cord Injury Potential Development Center replace high-energy-consuming lamps, obtained 180 tons of carbon credits, and then provided B-type enterprise Green Vine Vitality with subscriptions at NT$2,000 per ton. The carbon reduction income returned to public welfare, and social welfare groups can save NT$1.3 million in electricity bills each year. Assisting social welfare organizations to replace old lamps. Taiwan's first public welfare carbon credit was born. Taiwan's first public welfare carbon credit was jointly initiated by Sunshine Volts and Citibank (Taiwan). By helping the Taoyuan Spinal Cord Potential Development Center replace old lamps, it obtained a "carbon credit" with reduced emissions. Executive Yuan Energy and Carbon Reduction Office Deputy Executive Director Lin Zilun, National Development Council Vice Chairman Shi Kehe, and Environmental Protection Administration Executive Deputy Director Shen Zhixiu also attended the press conference yesterday (9) to witness Taiwan's first public welfare carbon credit. Regarding the public welfare carbon rights model, Chen Huiping, founder of Sunvolt and chairman of the Taiwan Green Energy Public Welfare Development Association, explained that companies help social welfare groups replace energy-consuming equipment or install renewable energy through donations, and then undergo carbon inventory and have the Environmental Protection Administration assess the carbon rights exchange quota, and confirm the specific carbon reduction benefits in units of ten years. For example, this project has accumulated 180 tons in ten years, which is equivalent to the carbon reduction of 1,500 trees per year. This "public welfare carbon right" was then sold by the Taiwan Green Energy Public Welfare Association to Green Vine Life Science at NT$2,000 per ton. It not only helps Green Vine Life Science achieve its carbon reduction goals, but also saves NT$1.3 million in electricity bills for the Taoyuan Spinal Potential Development Center. Practicing "Fair Transition" National Development Council

What are forest carbon sinks? How to convert carbon sinks into "carbon credits" and the application process are all explained.

2022-08-05

In recent years, the issue of forest carbon sequestration has received much attention. In the National Development Council's 2050 net-zero pathway plan, carbon emissions that are difficult to reduce through various means will be offset by carbon sequestration, with "forest carbon sequestration" being one of the options. The importance of carbon sequestration has also highlighted opportunities for forest conservation. But what exactly is carbon sequestration? At the end of last month, the Earth Citizen Foundation held a lecture titled "How Much Forest Carbon Sequestration Can Planting Trees Increase in Taiwan?" Professor Chang Shih-chieh of the College of Environment at National Dong Hwa University used a household income and expenditure analogy: "Carbon sequestration is how much net money a family can earn in a year." Can forest carbon sequestration remain constant indefinitely? How does carbon sequestration translate into carbon credits and operate in the carbon credit exchange market? How can the problem of "cutting down large trees and planting small ones" be avoided? Scholars gathered to clarify the future development of forest carbon credits in Taiwan. No Guarantee of Stable Growth! Research: Amazon Rainforest's Carbon Sequestration Capacity May Reach Zero by 2035. Once the carbon sequestration of a certain forest is calculated, does it mean that its carbon sequestration capacity will never change? Zhang Shijie also cautioned that the carbon sequestration capacity of mature forests weakens, and that "our forests ultimately only have a limited carbon sequestration capacity." Using the Amazon rainforest as an example, Zhang cited studies measuring plant carbon stock in 1985, 2000, and 2015. While the overall carbon stock showed an upward trend, comparing the annual increase in plant carbon stock over two 15-year periods revealed a decline in the rate of increase. In other words, the Amazon rainforest's carbon sequestration capacity is decreasing year by year. The study further speculated that by 2035, the Amazon rainforest's carbon sequestration capacity might reach its limit.

Healthy eating changes: Study: Pesticide residues in fresh fruit and vegetables in the EU increased 53% in nine years

2022-05-30

The Guardian reported that a study of nearly 100,000 samples of the most common domestically grown fruits in Europe found a sharp increase in fresh fruit containing highly toxic pesticide residues between 2011 and 2019. Overall, toxic pesticide contamination increased by 53% over nine years. The most pesticide-contaminated fruits and vegetables in Europe are blackberries and celery. The European Pesticide Action Network (PAN) analyzed European government data and found that as many as one-third of apple samples and one-half of blackberry samples contained highly toxic pesticide residues, some of which have been linked to cancer, heart disease, and congenital malformations. Residue levels in kiwifruit increased from 4% in 2011 to 32% in 2019. Over the same period, the contamination rate in cherries more than doubled, from 22% to 50%. Among the samples, the fruits most contaminated with pesticides were blackberries (51%), peaches (45%), strawberries (38%), cherries (35%), and apricots (35%); the vegetables were celery (50%), celery root (45%), and kale (31%).

When an aging power grid meets extreme weather, blackouts double in the US, clouding the path to green energy.

2022-05-26

After decades of hard work, the United States is experiencing a boom in clean energy, with soaring electric vehicle sales and rapid growth in wind and solar power generation, offering hope for climate change mitigation. However, experts say the country's outdated power infrastructure will hinder green energy development without a major overhaul, a massive undertaking costing more than $2 trillion (approximately NT$59 trillion). The current network of transmission lines, substations, and transformers is experiencing numerous problems due to aging and underinvestment, and with the increasing frequency of extreme weather events, large-scale failures are becoming more common. U.S. power grid operators underestimated climate risks, leading to a doubling of power outages over the past six years. Reuters found that seven regional power grid operators in the United States underestimated the growing threat of severe weather as they underestimated climate change. The risk models they used to guide their transmission and distribution network investments were based on weather patterns from the 1970s and failed to factor in recent scientific research examining how extreme weather can disrupt power generation, transmission, distribution, and fuel supplies. Recent extreme weather events have exposed the vulnerabilities of the U.S. power infrastructure. New Orleans's power grid was built in the 1970s, when hurricanes like Hurricane Ida, with winds reaching 241 kilometers per hour, were uncommon. Most of the grid was designed only to withstand peak winds of 152 kilometers per hour. Hurricane Ida caused power outages for weeks. According to the North American Electric Reliability Corporation, the grid regulator,

Study: 9 million people die each year from environmental pollution, with air pollution being the biggest cause

2022-05-24

The Washington Post reported that new research published in Lancet Planetary Health on the 17th shows that pollution remains the world's leading cause of disease and premature death. From 2015 to 2019, air pollution, water pollution, or toxic chemical pollution caused 9 million deaths annually, with over 90% occurring in low- and middle-income countries. This exceeds the annual death toll from war, terrorism, road injuries, malaria, drugs, and alcohol. Air pollution causes the most premature deaths, while indoor pollution sources have decreased. The study, which analyzed data on the global burden of disease, injuries, and risk factors in 2019, found that air pollution was the largest cause of premature death, causing 6.7 million deaths. Water pollution caused 1.4 million deaths, while lead poisoning caused nearly 1 million. Lead author Richard Fuller and his team have been conducting similar analyses since 2015 and are now analyzing them through 2019. While the total number of pollution-related deaths has remained unchanged over the past five years, the sources of pollution have shifted in some regions. In the past, most of the deadly pollution came from indoor and household air pollution, including fine smoke released by indoor stoves burning wood or dung. Unclean water and untreated sewage also killed more than 1 million people. Fuller said this source of pollution has decreased in recent years because many families in China and India have switched to cooking with gas. The rise of modern pollution sources: fossil fuels,

Denmark invests 37 million euros in food climate label to encourage low-carbon diets

2022-05-18

With the rise of environmental awareness in recent years, consumers are increasingly interested in environmentally friendly products and low-carbon footprint labels when shopping, even influencing their purchasing decisions. According to a 2021 study published in Nature Food, 34% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions in 2015 came from the food system. The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) also stated in its 2019 Special Report on Climate Change and Land that approximately 21% to 37% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions come from the food system. These data suggest that the food we rely on for survival accounts for a quarter of the planet's greenhouse gas emissions! The world's first: The Danish government develops a "food climate label." On April 16, 2022, Danish Minister of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Rasmus Prehn stated that in response to climate change, the Danish government will invest 9 million Danish kroner (approximately NT$37.31 million) to develop a "food climate labeling system," becoming the world's first country where the government uniformly manages food climate labels. At the same time, a special task force will be established, and further promotion is expected before the end of this year. The Danish government believes that environmental standards must be formulated and managed uniformly by the state to avoid the emergence of various environmental labels with different standards on the market that confuse consumers and cause confusion. According to the Danish Consumer Council, 75% of Danes do not understand the climate footprint of products, but according to statistics from the Danish Food Culture Organization, about 60% of Danes hope to be able to buy

New York's Javits Convention Center overcomes its reputation as a leading bird killer by improving window shades and building a green roof.

2022-05-09

The Independent reports that the Javits Center in Manhattan, New York, once had a reputation as "New York City's leading bird killer" due to its dark, mirrored glass exterior. However, after a transformation, it has become a haven for local wildlife, boasting the second-largest energy-efficient green roof in the United States and a soon-to-open urban farm. A $40 billion renovation has transformed it into Manhattan's largest rooftop solar farm. Alan Steel, president and CEO of the Javits Center, said in an interview, "We started this irreversible transformation with the green roof. Every time we implement environmental and sustainable measures, our clients ask us to do more, so I think this is a truly beneficial development." Named after the late New York Senator Jacob Javits, the convention center is located on Manhattan's West Side Highway, overlooking the Hudson River. Annually, 2.5 million people visit for events such as Comic Con, auto shows, and travel expos. Last year, the center hosted the Sustainability Summit during New York Climate Week. Over the past decade, the Javits Center has undergone a $1.5 billion (approximately NT$44.4 billion) renovation, expanding by 18,580 square meters and adding sustainable facilities. As New York strives to achieve its goal of net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, improving the eco-efficiency of the Javits Center is one of the city's top priorities. The Javits Center will be equipped with more than 3,000 solar panels, making it the largest rooftop solar power station in Manhattan.

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