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Get to know the German Two-Way System (DSD)

On June 12, 1990, the German government promulgated the first packaging waste disposal regulations - the "Packaging - Packaging Waste Disposal Ordinance", which aims to reduce the generation of packaging waste. It is stipulated that unavoidable disposable packaging waste must be reused or recycled. The regulations also mandate that each manufacturing company is not only responsible for the product, but also responsible for the recycling of its packaging, and instructs companies engaged in transportation, agency, sales, packaging companies and wholesalers to recycle their used packaging. They can also Choose to entrust recycling responsibilities to a recycling company that specializes in recycling. Under the influence of Germany's legislation on mandatory recycling of packaging waste, the European Union also adopted the "EU Packaging Guidelines" on December 20, 1994. The "Guidelines", like German regulations, prioritize recycling. The order of packaging waste treatment is: reduction, recycling, material recycling (degradable materials must be used for those that cannot be reused), incineration and energy reuse, landfill and composting; the "Packaging Guidelines" require all member states to Measures must be taken to establish a recycling system for used packaging with recycling marks. Packaging manufacturers must recycle used packaging. Those who entrust a third party to recycle must pay an environmental recycling mark usage fee; the "Guidelines" require member states to recycle packaging. The recycling rate index of waste is lower than the requirements of German regulations. In 2001, the recycling rate reached 50%, and the recycling rate of each packaging material waste must reach at least 15%. The first country to adopt the "Green Dot" recycling symbol

Current status of EU packaging waste management law

Where does the green dot mark need to be used when selling products? Can PVC be shipped to Germany? Why do I need to pay "packaging tax"? What does the new EU directive say? How can I get an environmentally friendly packaging? Issues such as how to apply for environmentally friendly packaging labels are questions that extend to Europe's management of 50 million tons of packaging waste every year. Currently, most member states of the European Union are establishing waste management laws in order to comply with the goals of the EU "Packaging and Packaging Waste Law". Products imported from Asian countries to Europe will inevitably be affected by Europe's numerous new packaging laws. The EU "Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive" was enforced in December 1994. The initial goal is to unify the existing packaging waste management laws of some member states and encourage countries to introduce their own packaging waste management laws to other countries. Basically, the law only sets a unified waste management target for each EU member state, and must achieve the target by 2001. The European Union stipulates that each packaging material (by weight) must reach a recycling rate of at least 15%, and 50% to 65% of this recycling rate must be reprocessed, and 25% to 45% must be recycled. The governments of 15 European member states have implemented national laws on June 30, 1996, and are gradually moving towards the goal. Some member states are nearing the deadline for their plans, while others are still working on it. To ensure the smooth functioning of the EU single market

Pallet specifications by country

European specifications Heavy duty model Dimensions Static weight Dynamic weight Lightweight LBCPL1200-800 1200mm. 800mm 2 tons 0.8 tons LBCPL1200-1000 1200mm. 1000mm 2 tons 0.8 tons LBCPL1140-1140 1140mm. 1140mm 2 tons 0.8 tons medium LBCPM1200-800 1200mm. 800mm 3 tons 1.2 tons LBCPM1200-1000 1200mm. 1000mm 3 tons 1.2 tons LBCPM1140-1140 1140mm. 1140mm 3 tons 1.2 tons heavy duty LBCPH1200-800 1200mm. 800mm 4 tons 1.8 tons LBCPH1200-1000 1200mm. 1000mm 4 tons 1.8 tons LBCPH1140-1140 1140mm. 1140mm 4 tons 1.8 tons super heavy duty LBCPS1200-800 1200mm. 800mm 5 tons 2.5 tons LBCPS1200-1000 1200mm. 1000mm 5 tons 2.5 tons LBCPS1140-1140 1140mm. 1140mm 5 tons 2.5 tons European specifications heavy-duty model size static weight dynamic weight

Quarantine measures for wood packaging materials formulated by various countries

Countries such as the United States, Canada and Australia attach great importance to the import quarantine of wood packaging materials. Before the formulation of ISPM 15, there were requirements for quarantine or processing of importing countries; after the incident of Star Beetle, the United States Animal and Plant Quarantine Unit re-examined the regulations on wood packaging materials quarantine policy, adopt more stringent quarantine measures, and at the same time strengthen the inspection and monitoring of important wood pests such as various longhorned beetles and small beetles at various import ports in the United States; in addition, a special research group has been established to be responsible for risk analysis and formulation of long-lived longhorned longhorned beetles. Extermination plan. After the announcement of ISPM 15, many countries have used this guideline as a reference, and based on the actual situation of each country, have formulated more stringent quarantine measures for wood packaging materials than in the past. For example, Canada has required that since June 1, 2002 Wooden packaging materials exported to this country from various countries (except the United States) must be processed in accordance with ISPM 15 standards or in a manner approved by the Canadian quarantine agency before they can be imported. Applicable products include wooden pallets and pallets, etc. If you wish to export Before going to Canada, it must be handled under the supervision of professional quarantine personnel in any of the following ways: 1. Heat treatment: dry heat treatment until the center temperature of the packaging material reaches 56°C for more than 30 minutes; 2. Fumigation with methyl bromide; or 3. Other methods approved by the Canadian quarantine unit, and the processed wooden packaging materials can be stamped and stamped before they can be exported to Canada; and then, China also based on experts’ regulations on the wooden packaging of EU goods. Pest risk analysis results indicate that the quarantine risk of wood packaging for EU goods is very high

Conclusion

Wooden packaging materials made from unprocessed logs are usually of poor quality and have a high probability of carrying harmful organisms. Wooden packaging materials are often reused to carry different goods and transported to different regions, and the epidemics caused by them are also more complex. Once pests are introduced into a new area, due to the lack of effective control by natural enemies and the ability to escape the suppression of dominant species, it is easy to establish new populations, often causing more serious economic losses and ecological disasters than in their place of origin. Various examples show that wooden packaging materials and imported logs have become the main channels for the long-distance spread of harmful organisms (Qu, 1999). The invasion of long-distance beetles into the United States is the most famous case in recent years; in fact, pine wilt disease caused by pine wood nematode has been in the United States since 1983. After the discovery in Shimen Township, Taipei County, in less than 20 years, the disease has spread to almost all parts of Taiwan. Reports of the disease have been reported along the Zhongheng and Nanheng Highways. Even Kinmen and Matsu cannot escape the attack of the disease; the affected tree species have never been affected. Ryukyu pine and black pine, as well as Taiwanese two-leaf pine and slash pine, have plunged Taiwan's pine trees into unprecedented catastrophe; it is believed that pine wood threads invaded Taiwan through wooden packaging materials and beetles. The painful lessons of history are still there. Our country must abide by relevant international norms and strictly implement quarantine measures for imported and exported goods. Domestically, we can avoid the harmful organisms carried by imported goods that may cause irreparable disasters to Taiwan. Externally, we can reduce the number of export goods that are detected. It can also prevent domestic problems from turning into international problems.

The impact of ISPM 15 on Taiwan and its response strategies

In international trade, wood is widely used as packaging material. At present, it cannot be completely replaced by other packaging materials. After my country joins the WTO, under diversified free trade, it is expected that the number of wooden packaging materials used in imported and exported goods will continue to increase. In order to respond to the spread of quarantine pests as wood packaging materials spread internationally, our country should actively collect relevant information from various channels. In addition to cooperating with the ISPM 15 guidelines to formulate and implement import and export quarantine measures that comply with international standards, we should also conduct Relevant risk assessments to thoroughly understand the impact of suspected quarantine pests; for example, if the longhorn beetle is introduced into China, it may not only seriously harm the forests and economic plants in Taiwan's vast area, but also the environment and ecology of the entire country. Analyze the disasters caused by our country's biodiversity, the increase in production costs, and the social losses that may cause unemployment or work stoppages, etc. We should carefully conduct risk assessments to face them. Various problems caused by quarantine pests. APHIS (2003) has analyzed the regulatory impact of implementing ISPM15 regulations, which is valuable for our country's reference. In addition to strictly enforcing quarantine measures, we should strengthen detection and monitoring of channels through which wood pests of quarantine importance may invade, and improve relevant network systems. For species that are difficult to identify, relevant rapid diagnostic and identification methods should be developed, and frontline quarantine and quarantine personnel should be trained to identify these harmful organisms.

RoHS regulations formal specification standards

The European Union completed the adoption of the RoHS Directive in November 2002 and officially announced it on February 13, 2003. The content clearly stated that starting from July 1, 2006, electronic products including lead (Lead), cadmium ( Cadmium), mercury, hexavalent chromium, bromide flame retardants (Polybrominated biphenyls, Polybrominated diphenyl ethers) and other six substances. EU directives need to be converted into domestic regulations in each country, so each country may have different implementation methods. However, because some substances originally exist in the raw materials and enter the products during the manufacturing process, they still cannot be effectively and completely removed. Such substances can be considered natural impurities and are not intentionally added. For the convenience of control, the EU has also added a maximum allowable concentration (MCV) as the basis for manufacturers to implement: lead, mercury, hexavalent chromium, bromide flame retardants (PBB and PBDE) are 0.1%, and cadmium is 0.01%. (http://eudir.nccp.org.tw/index.php)

Packaging Materials and Packaging Waste Directive

The European Union has recently adopted more stringent regulations on the management of packaging materials. It not only requires the establishment of a recycling system and encourages the reuse of packaging materials, but also hopes to completely prohibit the use of heavy metals in packaging materials by 2010; new regulations are about to be formulated. , the industry must not know. The European Union announced the Directive of Packaging and Packaging Waste (94/62/EC, referred to as PPWD) in 1994, which covers all packaging of any material listed in the EU for industry, commerce, service industry, and household use. The directive Member states are required to establish a collection system and encourage producers to improve the reuse, recycling and recovery of packaging. The purpose of the directive is to coordinate the management of packaging materials across EU countries and reduce the impact of packaging waste on the environment. In February 2004, in the European Union's resolution 2004/12/EC, stricter standards were formulated for the management of packaging materials and packaging waste. It is also hoped that the use of heavy metals in packaging materials will be completely prohibited by 2010. It is expected that by the end of 2004, relevant standards for packaging materials will be promulgated. 1. Introduction to the Packaging Directive The Packaging Materials and Packaging Material Waste Directive requires member states to take three steps: 1. Reduce the impact on the environment by reducing the amount and harmful substances of packaging waste; 2. By setting quantitative targets to recycle, again

SGS testing items

1. RoHS Effective from October 1, 2004, the formal regulations and standards are as follows: ◎The European Union proposed a consultation document in December 2003, setting out the recommended upper concentration limits as: ‧Lead, mercury, hexavalent chromium, and PBB contained in the same material , PBDE, the maximum concentration shall not exceed 0.1% by weight (1000ppm) ‧Cadmium contained in the same material materials, the maximum concentration shall not exceed 0.01% by weight (100 ppm) [Concentration unit conversion → 1% = 10,000ppm, 1ppm = 0.0001%] ◎The European Union has officially stipulated that the previously recommended values have taken effect since October 2004, and stipulates that different materials and different colors and the same material and different colors must be tested separately. 2. Packaging material testing. Since countries around the world are paying more and more attention to environmental and ecological issues, packaging materials are often discarded arbitrarily by consumers after use, and then enter the environmental soil. The harmful substances contained in them will directly cause environmental damage. harm. Therefore, relevant laws and regulations have been formulated to regulate compliance with environmental protection regulations. Regulations and standards: 94/62/EEC, CONEG limit: Pb+Cd+Hg+Cr+6<100ppm

wood plank smoke

According to the International Phytosanitary and Quarantine Measures Standard No. 15 (ISPM15), all wooden packaging materials (such as dunnage, pallets, crates, pallets, etc.) used to support, protect or transport items must undergo heat treatment. Or fumigation and disinfection with methyl bromide to eliminate harmful organisms in wooden packaging materials. These treatment processes should be certified with the IPPC mark on two opposite sides of the wooden packaging materials (this provision does not apply to wood chips and logs below 6mm (0.24”) Packaging, and processed wood, such as plywood, corrugated board, fiberboard, wood veneer, etc.) (a) Heat treatment (HT) Wooden packaging materials should be heated according to the specified time and temperature, and the wood core temperature must reach at least 56°C , the heating time must be at least 30 minutes (b) Methyl Bromide (MB) fumigation and sterilization (Methyl Bromide) Wooden packaging materials should be fumigated and sterilized with methyl bromide (MB). The minimum standards are as follows: Time 24 hours Dosage 48g/M356G/ M364G/M3 temperature is 21 degrees C16-20 degrees C10-15 degrees C (cost: goods: NT$1500 within 50 yuan, 20-foot container-NT$1800, 40-foot container-NT$2300) Currently, many countries have regulations for goods arriving in the following countries/ If the shipment is loaded with unqualified wooden packaging materials (unprocessed or not labeled in accordance with regulations), the shipment will be refused entry and required to be returned immediately from the port of arrival.

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